The vertical component of the flight speed of the object-controlled gliding parachute system in a rotational (spiral) motion


Аuthors

Bebeshko A.

Air force academy named after professor N.E. Zhukovskogo and Y. A. Gagarin, 54a Starye Bolshevikov str., Voronezh, 394064, Voronezh Region

e-mail: bebeshko-2003@mail.ru

Abstract

In this paper, a differential equation has been compiled and integrated for vertical descent in the case of movement of the object-controlled gliding parachute (object-SCP) system in the U-turn mode. The dependences of the vertical component of the rate of decrease on time and various parameters are obtained. This allows us to study the nature of changes in the vertical component of the rate of descent and loss of height over time with variations in various parameters and characteristics of each specific design of the object-SCP system in various modes and conditions of use of the systems for their intended purpose. The results of this work can be used in the tasks of navigation and guidance of object-guided gliding parachute systems on target, which are among the most important in the theory and practice of guided parachute systems. The problematic part of these tasks is to determine the vertical component of the speed of systems in a steep spiral during navigation and guidance in automatic mode in conditions of difficult terrain and difficult wind conditions in the guidance zone. The practice of flight testing and operation of guided gliding parachute systems has shown that one of the problems of controlled movement in difficult terrain conditions is maneuvering and its inherent steep spiral movement with an increased vertical component of speed and a large loss of altitude. This leads in some cases to a short flight to the target and, as a result, to non-fulfillment of the flight task. Thus, there is an urgent need, in preliminary calculations of flights along the route of the object-SCP systems in conditions of difficult terrain, to take into account the transients of increasing speed and loss of altitude in steep U-turns and in spiral movement at the landing stage in the presence of an excess of altitude in the target area. The paper presents the construction of a mathematical model of the movement of the system in the reversal mode. The obtained dependence of the mathematical model is studied in detail, graphs of this function are constructed, varying the parameters included in it, using the MathCad 2000 Professional computer mathematics program. Specific examples for human SCP with different sets of initial data are considered and the analysis of the results obtained is performed. The analysis of the calculation results based on the obtained dependence of the vertical component of the velocity in the reversal mode for various values of the parameters included in it is performed. 
It follows from the above calculation results that:
– the greater the mass of the object and the smaller the area of the parachute dome (wing), i.e. the greater the specific mass load on the wing, the greater the vertical component of the speed and the greater the loss of height in the turn, which is extremely dangerous when performing maneuvers at low altitudes; 
– the lower the coefficient the greater the total aerodynamic force, the greater the height loss on the turn; 
– the greater the roll angle of the system, the greater the height loss on the turn; 
– the higher the flight altitude of the system, the greater the loss of altitude on the turn;
– the lower the aerodynamic quality of the system, the greater the height loss on the turn. 
In combinations of these parameters, the predominant effect of some of these parameters over others should be taken into account when estimating height loss in steep turns. 
Based on the results of the work performed, the following conclusions were drawn.
 1. A differential equation has been compiled and integrated for vertical descent in the case of movement of the object-SCP system in the reversal mode. The dependence of the vertical component of the rate of decrease on time is obtained. This also makes it possible to study the nature of changes in the vertical component of the rate of descent and loss of height over time with variations in various parameters and characteristics of each specific design of the object-SCP system in various modes and conditions of use of the systems for their intended purpose. 
2. When flying in highly rugged terrain with difficult terrain and in difficult wind conditions, it is necessary to take into account the significant loss of altitude during steep turns due to an increase in the angle of roll in order to fly around obstacles, due to a significant increase in the vertical component of speed. An increase in the roll angle leads to a decrease in the turning radius and, as a result, to a significant increase in the vertical component of the speed and a significant loss of height. The longer the planned flight route to the target point in highly rugged terrain, the greater the altitude margin, taking into account possible steep turns and overturns, should be selected when flying with a headwind at the time of dropping the object-UPP system from an aircraft or helicopter carrier. 

Keywords:

navigation and guidance, object-guided gliding parachute system

References

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